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Reactive Oxygen Species in Particulate Matter: Formation, Elimination, and In Vitro Assessment of Relative Toxic Effects
Start Date 06/01/2009
End Date 05/31/2010
Primary Partner: Syracuse University
Primary Contact: Tavlarides, Lawrence L. - Professor
Other Project Contacts: Henderson, J.H. - Co-Principal Investigator
Project Type: CARTI IV
Technical Description:
There is a fundamental gap in understanding if and how reactive oxygen species (ROS) present in particulate matter (PM) damage the lungs. The long-term goal is to understand the formation, fate, and health effects of PM-borne ROS in indoor environments. The goal of this application is to determine whether PM-borne ROS directly damage lung cells. The central hypothesis is that toxicity of airborne PM is proportional to its ROS content. The rationale for this research is that strategies to reduce the production of, and mitigate the negative health effects of, the most toxic components of PM can be implemented through improved air cleaner designs in HVAC systems. The hypothesis will be tested by pursuing two specific aims:
(1) Quantify the formation and elimination of ROS in PM to produce PM of controlled ROS content; and
(2) Characterize damage to lung cells following exposure to PM with and without ROS.
In (1), PM-borne ROS will be generated, followed by ROS elimination using radical scavengers.
In (2), human lung cells will be exposed to PM with and without ROS, followed by quantification of cellular damage.
Expected Outcomes:
The proposed research is significant because planned industrial/academic collaboration is expected to produce improved air cleaner designs.
Accomplishments:
The flow system for generating particulate matter and reactive oxygen species has been configured and tested for leaks and the exit stream is ready for connection to the Horizontal Navicyte diffusion cell chamber.
The Navicite cell chamber has been purchased and it is being conformed for connection to the particulate matter generation system.
Preliminary experiments to obtain ROS concentration dependence on linalool ozone concentration have been performed. It is shown that ROS concentration is directly proportional to the linalool ozone concentration levels employed.
A ROS removal system was designed with the use of platinum catalytic filters. An analysis showed that the particles obtained from the platinum based ROS removal system had different particle composition than the particles obtained without the ROS filters.
Benefits:
A better understanding of how ROS in particulate matter may damage the lungs may lead to more effective and healthy heating and ventilation systems in buildings.
For more information: http://biomaterials.syr.edu/news/henderson_highlights.html
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